Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Gray Wolf Optimizer Based on Face and Eye Tracking Sarah S. Jasim Department of IT, Technical College of Management-Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1237-147X Alia K. Abdul Hassan Department of Computer Science, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6835-8872 Scott Turner Director of Computing, School of Engineering, Design, and Technology, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, United Kingdom https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2735-3220 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.10928 Keywords: Artificial neural network, Drowsiness, Feature extraction, Gray wolf optimizer, Normalization, Segmentation ABSTRACT It is critical today to provide safe and collision-free transport. As a result, identifying the driver’s drowsiness before their capacity to drive is jeopardized. An automated hybrid drowsiness classification method that incorporates the artificial neural network (...